RESEARCH ARTICLE
Iodine Deficiency Disorders After Sixteen Years of Universal Dietary Salt Iodization in a Severe Iodine Deficiency Village in Niger
Hassimi Sadou*, 1, Ibrahim G. Dandano2, Mousbahou M. Alma1, Hamani Daouda2
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2014Volume: 8
First Page: 8
Last Page: 12
Publisher Id: TONUTRJ-8-8
DOI: 10.2174/1874288201408010008
Article History:
Received Date: 08/03/2014Revision Received Date: 07/07/2014
Acceptance Date: 09/07/2014
Electronic publication date: 27/10/2014
Collection year: 2014
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Introduction:
Since 1996, Niger has officially adopted the universal dietary salt iodization program (UDSI).
Objective:
It is a before‑after trial study conducted to determine the impact of UDSI program in Tiguey 16 years after.
Subjects and methods:
The study was centered on 371 volunteers whose thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) determined in 319 of them.
Results:
The total goitre rate (TGR) was 13.20% with 9.70% invisible but palpable goitre (G1) and 3.50% visible goitre (G2). In 1987, the TGR was 77.15%, with 25.25% G1 and 51.90 % G2. The median UIC was 166.00 μg/L, the 20th percentile 66.40 μg/L and the 80 percentile was 300 μg/L. 68.34 % of the volunteers had a UIC ≥ 100 μg/L, 2.51% <20 μg/L, 10.97% between 20 and 49 μg/L and 18.18% between 50 and 99 μg/L. In 1987, only 3.96% of the studied sample had a UIC ≥ 100 μg/L, 45 % had a UIC <20 μg/L, 35% between 20 and 49 μg/L and 16% from 50 to 99 μg/L. No significant relationship was found between UIC and age and gender or goitre prevalence and gender (P> 0.05). However, goitre prevalence increases significantly with age (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
The implementation of the UDSI program in Niger decreased goitre prevalence and significantly improved the nutritional iodine status of the populations of Tiguey. However a slight endemic goitre and mild to moderate iodine deficiency persists.